Thursday, December 31, 2009

Frederick Vernon Coville

Coville was born in 1867 in Preston, New York to bank director Joseph Addison Coville and his wife Lydia. He went to Cornell University, where he graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in 1887. He briefly taught botany before joining the USDA and participating to the Geological Survey of Arkansas as assistant botanist in 1888. He would remain with the department until his death, succeeding to George Vasey as Chief botanist in 1893, a title accompanied with that of Honorary Curator of the National Herbarium (at the time conserved at the Smithsonian Institution, but funded by the USDA). Coville married his wife, Elizabeth Harwood Boyton, in 1890; they had five children, four of which, three sons and a daughter, survived their father. Over the course of his life, he published approximately 170 papers and books; he also contributed to botany entries of the Century Dictionary. A tall man who had enjoyed success in college sports, he was described as helpful, perceptive, clear-thinking and curious, as well as greatly enthusiastic in his outdoor expeditions.Coville participated in the 1891 Death Valley expedition lead by Edward Palmer, his resulting Botany of the Death Valley Expedition (1893) is an important work on desert plants. He traveled a lot in the Western United States and grew an interest for desert and medicinal plants, leading to his 1897-1898 Medicinal Plants Survey. Gifford Pinchot called a report of Coville's on effects of grazing on forest "the essentials of a sound and farsighted grazing policy". Coville also participated in and wrote on the 1899 Harriman Alaska Expedition, although he never completed his Flora of Alaska. He was involved with the establishment of the Carnegie Institution's Desert Botanical Laboratory in 1903, the USDA Seed Laboratory, and spearheaded efforts that lead to the foundation of the United States National Arboretum in 1927.Coville was considered the American authority on Juncaceae and Grossulariaceae. After 1910 he began to work on blueberry, and was the first to discover the importance of soil acidity and the effects of cold on blueberries and other plant. In 1911, he began a program of research in conjunction with Elizabeth White, daughter of the owner of the extensive cranberry bogs at White's Bog in the New Jersey Pine Barrens. His work doubled the size of some strains' fruit, and by 1916, he had succeeded in cultivating blueberries, making them a valuable crop in the Northeastern United States.[1] For this work he received the George Roberts White Medal of Honor from the Massachusetts Horticultural Society. In 1919, Coville played an instrumental role in drawing attention to the threatened state of the only known box huckleberry colony,[2] sparking a revival of interest that led to the discovery of many new specimens of the plant. From 1920 to his death, he was chairman of the National Geographic Society' Research Committee and was very influential in deciding areas of exploration. At the time of his death he was working on a revision of Botany of the Death Valley Expedition as a flora of the Valley.Coville's papers are split between several archives. Many (including his revision notes for Botany of the Death Valley Expedition) are kept at the Smithsonian Institution, Others at the National Arboretum. His personal library is now part of the University of Wyoming's special collections library, while his Death Valley Expedition field diary is kept at UC Berkeley. Amongst several plants named after him are Eriogonum covilleanum, Amelanchier covillei, Cheilanthes covillei, Enceliopsis c

Wikipedia Biography http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Vernon_Coville


Picture of Coville evaluating blueberry bush
1916 Directions for Blueberry Culture, F.V. Coville
http://books.google.com/books?vid=HARVARD32044107245185&printsec=titlepage

1916 The National geographic magazine, Volume 29
By National Geographic Society (U.S.) Wild Blueberry Tamed
http://books.google.com/books?id=VBQOAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA545&dq=Elizabeth+C.+White&lr=&cd=9#v=onepage&q=Elizabeth%20C.%20White&f=false

1921 Directions for Blueberry Culture, F.V. Coville
http://books.google.com/books?vid=HARVARD32044107245169&printsec=titlepage

1921 Gleanings in bee culture, Volume 49
F.V. Coville visits Mr. Sapps blueberry fields
http://books.google.com/books?id=9ra4AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA652&dq=browns+mills++new+jersey&lr=&cd=164#v=onepage&q=browns%20mills%20%20new%20jersey&f=false
1937-- Improving The Wild Blueberry, F.V. Coville
1937 Agriculture Yearbook

http://naldr.nal.usda.gov/NALWeb/Agricola_Link.asp?Accession=IND43893573


1937 NJ Mirror Obituary Search for Coville
http://www.bcls.lib.nj.us/newspapers/newjerseymirror/


Crater Lake Institute
http://www.craterlakeinstitute.com/cultural-history/people/frederick-coville.htm

PBS The Harriman Expedition
http://www.pbs.org/harriman/

More F.V. Coville Publications

http://lms01.harvard.edu/F/FG82UCKTAGBFS8Q7RNKB7D5GI6HYTYUYI8AXA3J35JJQB9S6PT-03447?func=find-acc&acc_sequence=008512936

http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/creator/6541

John Jeffery Itinerary
http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/85997#5

Frederick Vernon Coville photograph at Crater Lake National Park
http://www.craterlakeinstitute.com/cultural-history/people/frederick-coville.htm


1916 Taming the Wild Blueberry 1916 Mass Horticulture

http://books.google.com/books?id=OxwgAQAAIAAJ&pg=RA1-PA103&dq=frederick+v.+coville&hl=en&ei=n9gOTZL7DoH78AbRqYmTDg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CDQQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=frederick%20v.%20coville&f=false
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